Process of treating metals.



No. 813,206. PATENTED PEB. zo, 1906.

H. H. GooDsELL.

PROCESS 0F TREATING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 813,206. PATENTED PEB. 20, 1906.

H. H. GOODSBLL.

PROCESS OF TREATING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WWA/58858:

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

/A/l/E/VTO? ATTORNEYS No. 813,206. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906; l

H. H. GOODSELL.

PROCESS OP TRBATING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7. 1905.

WIT/VESSES: fm2/@1% WM5@ #my UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY HOMER GOODSELIJ, OF` INDIANA HARBOR, INDIANA.

PROCESS OF TREATING METALS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HARRY HOMER GOOD- SELL, a citizen ofthe United States, anda resident of Indiana Harbor, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented a new and Improved Process for Treating Metals, of which the following is a ull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to methods for treating metals, and more particularly to a process for treating sheet iron and steel, so as to convert thereupon a surface adapted to resist the tendency to rust and also adapted to improve the ap earance and working qualities of the meta lic sheets.

Reference is made to my Patent N o. 774,069,- dated -November 1, 1904, for a method oftreating sheet iron and steel and also to PatentNo. 795,218 dated July 18, 1905, lfor a furnace. Inthe process upon whichI nowfseek Letters Patent I treat the metallic sheets somewhat dierently than in fthe method described in my said atent, one of the princi al differences being at I begin work upon t e shee't at a comparatively low temperature and finish with a comparatively hi h` temperature.. l v

teference is to be had to the accompanying.drawings, forming a part of this specification, mwhichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the iigures. l

Figure 1 is a fragmentary section through the -furnace used in connection with my improved process.

mechanism shown in Figsl and 2 bein practically continuations of each other. ig. 3 isA a vertical cross-section and is taken upon the Y c'ooling-chamber is, located at the rear. of

webbing-chamber, asv shown 'in Fi 1 and is heated,fromitlielheating-iue 5. lT e base 7,

Iliade,pianyrefi'abtory .material, is rovided with passages;8,`9', and 10, 4connecte serially and togetheruconstituting ay pair chair-dues.;

t v2 is likewise a vertical central sectionuthrough the furnace, thel 'thence running into thetroug s 24 25.

The passage 8 at the front end of the furnace and the passage 10 at the rear end thereof both terminate in the heating-flue 5, the passage 8 delivering the heat into this Hue atan elevation somewhat higher than that at which it was received from the flue by the passage 10. The purpose of this arrangement 1s to cause different portions of the furnace to expand and contract equally. The base 7 is also provided with passages 11, extending from the heating-flue 5 to the outer atmosphere. These passages may be used for admitting natural gas to the heating-flue 5, in which event the heating-flue 5 serves to admiX vthe gas with the air arriving throu h the air-nues. If natural gas is not used, t e passages 1 1 may be either closed or left open, as desired. If left open, they serve as airducts for sup lying air in small quantities to the heatingue 5. If desired, the smoke and gas from the ordinary coalburners, stoves, or furnaces of any kind may be directed into the front end of the heating-flue 5 and carried back .through this Hue, so as to furnish the-desired degree of heat. A round plate 12, of refractory material, pre erably quite thick, rests upon metallic plates 13,

which are supported upon the base 7, and resting u on the lates 13 are I-beams 14 15, dispose paralle withv each other, as indicated in. Fig. 3. The outer I -beams 15 are rovided with stuffing-boxes 16, and at t eir front ends they abut against the wall 17.

Pillow-blocks 18 sul ort a number of rollers 19 and 31. The pi oW-blocks 18 are supported by brackets'20, integral therewith,

these brackets being mounted upon plates 21, which engage the outer -I- beams 1 5.

"Troughs 24 25 are disposedadjacent to the outer ends of the rollers 1 9 and serve to catch and convey away any heated Awater which may ow therefrom. By means of pipes 22 23 coacting with the stuling-boxes 16 water is supplied into the ends of the rollers 19, which are made hollow for the pur ose, the water I do not deemv it necessary to describe fully the mechanism for supplying water to the rollers, as the same forms the subject-matter of my Patent No. 795,218, d-ated July 18, 1905.

Pillow-blocks 26 may be mounted directly in the trough 25, asindicated in Fig. 3.

Mounted upon the I-beams 14 15 are metallic plates 27, connected together by arch- Aplates, 28. The arch-plates abut against each other, so as to form a continuous series, as indicated in Fig. 2. A reproof covering 29, made, preferably, of asbestos, is placed upon the bluing-chamber 4', as shown. 5 The rollers 31, hereinbefore mentioned, do not differ materially from the rollers 19, eX- cept that being outside of the bluing-chamber, and consequentlynot being subjected to high degrees of heat, it is not necessary to provide them with Water-jackets or means of cooling them. The bluing-chamber 4 is provided with sliding doors 32, (see Fig. 5,) arranged in a slideway 33 and adapted to move apart, so as to leave a comparatively wide` passage through which metallic plates may be passed out'of the furnace. One boundary of this assage ymay be seen at 34 in Fig. 5. A c 'mney or smoke-stack 30 is provided for the .purpose of carrying 0H the gases of combustion which pass out of the heating-flue 5. in therear end of the furnace, preferably below the plates 3, so as to form an entrance for the heated air and gas should it be desired to use the sameand also to allow access to the heating-flue 5.

A tubular member 36 ierces the front wall 17 and is provided Wit a glass disk 37, thus constituting a peep-hole through which observations may be made from the outside. A funnel 38 opens downwardly toward the rollers 31 and is used for conveying away they heated air and steam which may chance to accumulate in the region immediately in front of the wall 17. Of course the draft through the funnel may be forced, if desired, in any manner Well known in the art. The top of the bluing-chamber is provided with manholes 39, which are covered by closure 4o members 40, of fireproof material, preferably asbestos.

A baffle-plate 41*L is inserted within the pan 41 by means of sup orting-lugs 41h, whereby it is spaced centrall) as indicated in Fig. 4. The cooling-chamber 6 consists of a pan 41, provided with pipes 42 43, used, respectively, or .filling the pan 41 with Water or oil and for allowing any excess thereof to pass off With- -out an overflow. Over the pan is a top 45, provided with an opening covered by a closure member'45a, and the pan is provided at one end with a shield 46 and at the other end with a flange 47, connected upon the rear end of the blumg-chamber. Mounted immediately below they shield and actuated by a sprocket-chain 48 are rollers 49, l suitabl geared together. The rollers 19 are eac provided at one end with a collar 50 and with a bevel-gear 51, which engages another bevelgear 52, mounted upon a horizontal shaft 53. A number of rollers 54 are mounted in the pan 41 and arranged in the arc of a circle, as indicated in Fig. 1, these rollers being ro pelled by sprocketcaring 55, actuate 6 5 the shaft 53a throug the medium of a beve A side passage 35 is provided gear 56. Brackets 54a engage journal-necks 54", with whichthese rollers are provided, as indicated in Fig. 4. The` shafts 53 and 53a are driven by any suitable moto'r mechanism and are turned in such direction that the upper parts of the rollers move toward the rear of the furnace-that is, away from the pan 41. Within the pan 41 is a liquid 44, which, as above indicated, may be oil, water, or any -other liquid used for the purpose of cooling, cleansing, or otherwise treating the plates at a preliminary stage.

vVlith the construction above described I usually employ Water, exce t in connection with heavy plates, and for t ese I use a vola? tile oil; but Ido not limit myself to the liquids mentioned.

The passages 9 are preferably a little nearer together than are the I-beams 15, as will be understood from Fig. 3. My uA ose in so placing the I-beamsis .to epab e t em to vaporize any water which ma condense upon the ends of the rollers 1,9, due to the chilling effect of the passa es 14 eutside'of the bluing-chamber 4. n other words, should steam condense upon the ends of the rollers 19 and in the fori of water run down u on the plates 13 I esire to eep these p ates heated, so that the water wil 4be immediately reconverted into steam. My urpose in lgearing together a pluralit of ro 1ers 49 in t e front of the -cooling-c amber is based `upon .my discovery that when plates suddenly enter the liquid 44 they may not sink directly, and especially as they are slightly heated they may generate a little steam or vapor, and thus tend to float. The rollers 49 prevent the plates from moving improperly and also serve as guides.

A by-pass flue 57 is disposed within the Wall 7 andfis provided withal; end 58, Whieh emerges into the heating-flue 5. The other end of this by-pass flue terminates in a 199?- way 59, closed by a door 69, the latter heilig o erated by means of a 'handlever GQ bounted atthe hack of the heatmgfiue,

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referably at a point near ,the Een 4l, is a ing ,also the ferm of a butterfly-Valve and operated by means of a hand-.lever 65?. It'

Will thus be seen that the doors 60, 62, and G5 ma be opened and closed inde end ently of eac other. provided immediately ad'aeerit t0 the pan, and mounted, respectively, within these alrholes are dempers 68, rwhich may be used for A number of aircles 67 ,are-

IIS

closing and opening the holes 67 at pleasure- A pipe 69 is connected with the P841 41 and with a Arotary pump 70, the latter` being driven by a sprocket-chain 71.

and impair the process. 6oY

In communication with the pump are bent pipes 69, one being connected with a sprinkling-head 7 2, the other with a pipe 73, which taps into the pan 41 below the liquid line thereof. Aperforated steam-pipe 74 also taps into the pan 41 and rests u on the bottom thereof. If desired, I can eat the Water or oil 44 by means of this steam-pipe when desired instead of relying upon the heat from the heating-flue 5. By means of a removable plug 75 the sprinkling-head 72 may be'cleaned without removing it from the pan.

As shown in Fig. 1, a pipe 47L leads from the bluing-chamber 4 and is provided with a valve 47h.

My invention is used as follows: The plates of iron or steel to be operated upon are placed upon the rollers 31, and thus are fed through the pan 41 and liquid 44 by means ofthe rollers 54. The rear end of the heating-liuc 5 extends directly beneath the rollers 31, so that theplates to be treated are heated to some extent before entering the liquid. One of these plates is shown at 76 just emerging from the liquid 44. The pump 7() bein in operation, the sprinkling-head 7 2 sprin les the plate as it emerges from the liquid 44. The purpose of this arrangement is as follows: When the liquid 44 has been used upon a considerable number of plates, a scum accumulates and floats upon the top of the liquid. This scum adheres to the surface of the plates and protects the surface thereof to a greater or lesser extent, thereby interferin with the process. By means of thesprinking-heads each plate is thorou hly cleansed upon emerging from the liquid. Each plate next enters the bluing-chamber 14, being carried along by the rollers 19. If the liquid 44 be water7 it is heated by means of the heatingflue 5, so as to fill the bluing-chamber with steam, which varies in temperature from 'about 400o Fahrenheit at a point immediately adjacent to the pan up to about 900o to 1,200o Fahrenheit at the end oi the bluingchamber farthest rrom the pan. With comparatively heavy plates-that is to say, those of 14 gage and thicker-it is preferable to use oil instead of waterin the pan 41. For this purpose I employ any volatile oil which readily va orizes at a temperature approximating ahrenheit. I find that where heavy lates are used in connection with water the atter does not evaporate with suflicient quickness from the plates, and, moreover, tends to evaporate irregularly from diierent parts of the surface. This being so, a slight oxidation may affect the surface of the plate The plates pass forward through the bluing-ch amber and being protected from oxidation by the steam or other vapor do not oxidize-at least they do not oxidize in the usual manner. As they approach the passage 34 they gradually rise in temperature until they reach the limit above mentioned, whereupon they suddenly emerge into the outer atmosphere, and resting upon the rollers 31 at that end of the furnace they gradually cool down, acquiring as they do so a beautiful luster, together qualities not readily found in metallic plates. The main ideais to dry the sheet very quickly and raise it to the temperature mentioned and then have it emerge into the atmosphere.

' Plates treated as above described do not readily undergo changes due to moisture or differences in temperature. .They keep their.

color indefinitely and acquire a certain degree of toughness which is very desirable in actual practice.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters -A Patent- 1. The method herein described of treating platesoi' sheet iron and steel, whichA consists in passing the same through a body of heated liquid, sprayin said plates after emerging f'romsaid liqui raising the temperature of said plates while subjecting them to the vapor of said Vliquid so as to reventoxidation of said plates, and iinally a owing said lates to emerge into the atmosphere and gra ually cool.

vplates of sheet iron and steel, which consists in passing the same through a body of heated liquid serving as a vapor seal,

2. The method herein described of treating I subjecting said plates to the action of a vapor restrained by, i'

said vapor seal, increasin the temperature of said vapor, and there y increasing -the temperature of said plates, and nally allowingsaid plates to emerge into the. a1r and to co 3. The method herein described of treating sheets of iron and steel, which consists in warming said plates, washing the same, subjecting said vapor treate to different extents 1n different portions thereof, the lowest temperature of said va or approximating 400 Fahrenheit and thexighest temperature thereof ap roximating 900 to 1,200o Fahrenheit and ally allowing said plates to emerge into the open air and then to cool. l

4. The method herein described of treating sheet iron and steel, which consists in assing loo plates to the action of a body of i I'Io the same. slowly through a body o vapor heated unequally in diierent portions thereof, the iron and steel being first exposed to portions of low temperature and then to portions of successively higher temperature, and

the f e ually 4in its different portions, and finally higher and higher ,temperatures7 and finally allowing said iron and steel to cool in contact causing said plates to emerge into the open withV the open air. v air.

6. The method herein described of treating In testimony whereof I have signed my 15 plates of metal, Which consists in subjecting name to this specification in the presence of the same to the action of an aeriform body, two subscribing Witnesses.

of which different portions are heated unequally, said plates being first brought into HARRY HOME GOODSELL Contact With portions of said aeriform body Witnesses: having comparatively low temperatures and W. B. VAN HORNE, passed successively along to portions having A. HABLAN. 

